Pahlavans of Sangvor Take to the Mat
National games are a treasured form of entertainment in every nation, serving as a means to pass down ancient traditions, customs, and values to younger generations. In Tajikistan, one of the most beloved of these traditions is gushtingiri, the national form of wrestling, which plays an essential role in community gatherings and celebrations.
The tradition of gushtingiri dates back about 3,000 years and remains a central part of national festivals and events. For example, at weddings or the hatnasur (circumcision ceremony), gushtingiri takes on a special significance. In Sangvor, a region historically known for its strongmen (pahlavans), the sport has continued to thrive.
Gushtingiri varies slightly from region to region in Tajikistan. In some villages, team-based competitions are organized. In Sangvor, teams from neighboring districts compete, with the district that produces the most champions winning the event.
Traditionally, the elders begin the competition to bless the event and the young participants. Afterward, even children as young as 4-5 years old participate in matches. Then, the professional wrestlers take to the mat, followed by senior competitors, some of whom are 70-80 years old. The matches last between 5 and 10 minutes.
To compete in gushtingiri, a wrestler must be in excellent physical shape. Two participants, usually of similar weight, face off in the arena. The traditional attire for wrestlers was the chapan (a type of coat) with a belt, but nowadays, wrestlers often wear sports kimonos. Grabbing below the waist is prohibited, and the goal is to throw the opponent onto their back and sometimes hold them down.
For the wrestlers, gushtingiri is not merely a competition but a way of honoring their land, ancestors, and mentors.